A Two-Step Distribution System State Estimator with Grid Constraints and Mixed Measurements

In this work we study the problem of State Estimation (SE) in large-scale, 3-phase coupled, unbalanced distribution systems. More specifically, we address the problem of including mixed real-time measurements, synchronized and unsynchronized, from phasor measurement units and smart meters, into existing solutions. We propose a computationally efficient twostep method to update a prior solution using the measurements, while taking into account physical constraint caused by buses with no loads. We test the method on a benchmark test feeder to illustrate the effectiveness of the approach.